| Type |
Shrub |
| USDA Hardiness range |
3A - 7A |
| Exposure |
Partial shade to full sun |
| Bloom color |
Yellow |
| Bloom time |
Spring |
| Water needs |
Moist to wet |
| Landscape uses |
Border, erosion control, foundation, hedge, massing, superior hedge |
| Height |
5' to 10' / 1.60m to 3.00m |
| Spread |
4' to 8' / 1.20m to 2.40m |
| Growth rate |
Slow |
| Persistence |
Evergreen |
| Bloom attributes |
Attracts butterflies |
| Leaf color |
Green |
| Fruit color |
Brown |
| Soil pH requirements |
Acidic, neutral, alkaline, slightly alkaline |
| Soil type |
Sandy, clay, loamy |
| Form |
Rounded, spreading or horizontal |
| Attributes and features |
Attracts birds, native to North America, invasive |
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