| Type |
Perennial |
| USDA Hardiness range |
4A - 9A |
| Exposure |
Full shade to partial shade or partial sun |
| Bloom color |
Purple |
| Bloom time |
Late Spring |
| Water needs |
Moist |
| Landscape uses |
Border, ground cover, woodland garden |
| Height |
12" to 18" / 30cm to 45cm |
| Spread |
14" to 18" / 35cm to 45cm |
| Growth rate |
Slow |
| Persistence |
Deciduous, broadleaf |
| Bloom attributes |
Flowers have an unpleasant odor |
| Leaf color |
Green |
| Fruit color |
n/a |
| Soil pH requirements |
Acidic, neutral |
| Soil type |
Loamy |
| Form |
Upright or erect |
| Attributes and features |
Attractive foilage, native to North America, naturalizing |
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