| Type |
Shrub |
| USDA Hardiness range |
4B - 8B |
| Exposure |
Full shade to full sun |
| Bloom color |
Yellow |
| Bloom time |
Spring |
| Water needs |
Moist |
| Landscape uses |
Border, foundation, massing, specimen, woodland garden |
| Height |
4' to 6' / 1.20m to 1.80m |
| Spread |
36" to 6' / 90cm to 1.80m |
| Growth rate |
Fast |
| Persistence |
Evergreen, needles or needle-like |
| Bloom attributes |
Attracts butterflies, fragrant flowers |
| Leaf color |
Green |
| Fruit color |
Black, blue |
| Soil pH requirements |
Acidic, neutral, slightly alkaline |
| Soil type |
Sandy, clay, loamy |
| Form |
Upright or erect |
| Attributes and features |
Attracts birds, native to North America, invasive |
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